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Inborn errors of immunity: Manifestation, treatment, and outcome—an ESID registry 1994–2024 report on 30,628 patients

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Andrew Cant

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

© 2025 Kindle et al. The European Society for Immunodeficiencies patient registry (ESID-R), established in 1994, is one of the world’s largest databases on inborn errors of immunity (IEI). IEI are genetic disorders predisposing patients to infections, autoimmunity, inflammation, allergies, and malignancies. Treatments include antimicrobial therapy, immunoglobulin replacement, immune modulation, stem cell transplantation, and gene therapy. Data from 194 centers in 33 countries capture clinical manifestations and treatments from birth onward, with annually expected updates. This report reviews the ESID-R’s structure, data content, and impact. The registry includes 30,628 patient datasets (aged 0–97.9 years; median follow-up: 7.2 years; total 825,568.2 patient-years), with 13,550 cases in 15 sub-studies. It has produced 84 peer-reviewed publications (mean citation rate: 95). Findings include real-world observations of IEI diagnoses, genetic causes, clinical manifestations, treatments, and survival trends. The ESID-R fosters global collaboration, advancing IEI research and patient care. This report highlights the key role of the multinational ESID-R, led by an independent medical society, in evidence-based discovery.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Kindle G, Alligon M, Albert MH, Buckland M, Edgar JD, Gathmann B, Ghosh S, Gkantaras A, Nieters A, Pignata C, Robinson PN, Rusch S, Schuetz C, Sharapova S, Shillitoe B, Candotti F, Cant AJ, Casanova J-L, Etzioni A, Fischer A, Meyts I, Notarangelo LD, Pergent M, Edvard Smith CI, Hammarstrom L, Grimbacher B, Seppanen MRJ, Mahlaoui N, Ehl S, Seidel MG

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Human Immunity

Year: 2025

Volume: 1

Issue: 3

Print publication date: 01/09/2025

Online publication date: 17/07/2025

Acceptance date: 06/06/2025

Date deposited: 01/06/2026

ISSN (electronic): 3065-8993

Publisher: Rockefeller University Press

URL: https://doi.org/10.70962/jhi.20250007

DOI: 10.70962/jhi.20250007

Data Access Statement: Patient-level data are not publicly available due to privacy rights. Data underlying the figures in this manuscript may be available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Styrian Children’s Cancer Aid Foundation (Steirische Kinderkrebshilfe)

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