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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Philip McGowanORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
© 2026 The Author(s). Conservation Science and Practice published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology. The Kunming-Montréal Global Biodiversity Framework adopted by Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an ambitious agreement to halt the decline of the world's biodiversity by 2030 and restore nature by 2050. In order to measure progress toward the Framework's goals and targets, a monitoring framework has been established and this includes 27 headline indicators and 71 questions comprising 15 binary indicators that all Parties are expected to report against. There are a further 162 optional indicators. Parties vary enormously in human population size, with 13 Parties having a population of fewer than 100,000 inhabitants and 15 with more than 100 million, affecting their ability to meet reporting needs. Small Island Developing States face particular challenges in availability of data, access to existing data and data management, synthesizing and analyzing data, and reporting. Addressing these challenges requires high-level understanding and agreement on the importance of gathering and managing sufficient data to meet reporting requirements, adopting a unified approach to reporting so that data management and verification are efficient and effective. All of this requires adequate resources, whether nationally or regionally. The establishment of regional and subregional technical and scientific support centers through the Convention's Technical and Scientific Cooperation Mechanism provides an opportunity to develop realistic, appropriate and sustainable data management and reporting processes.
Author(s): Jarvis A, Brown HJ, Dias A, Edmund JK, Gamatis I, St. Louis A, McGowan PJK
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Conservation Science and Practice
Year: 2026
Pages: Epub ahead of print
Online publication date: 10/07/2026
Acceptance date: 08/06/2026
Date deposited: 20/07/2026
ISSN (electronic): 2578-4854
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70348
DOI: 10.1111/csp2.70348
Data Access Statement: No new data were generated or analysed for this perspective. It is based on the sources cited and the experience of the authors.
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