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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Alan Calvert, Professor Ruth Plummer
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Although the concept of a phase 0 trial is a relatively new one, there has been a slowly increasing trend toward basing early clinical trial designs on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic end points that has been developing over many years. This article will review the early cancer trial methodologies and the various techniques that have been used to refine them. Several illustrative examples will be presented showing their relevance to trial designs using pharmacodynamic end points and targeted agents. Some criteria for characterizing suitable phase 0 end points are suggested. Four trial designs that are essentially developed for cytotoxic agents using the maximal tolerated dose as an end point are described. Although these trials were not designed with the use of more sophisticated pharmacodynamic end points (such as the measurement of the effect of a targeted agent on its target), they have been developed to optimize the speed with which a dose needed to achieve a particular effect can be determined and are, to this extent, relevant to the design of studies with pharmacodynamic end points.
Author(s): Calvert AH, Plummer ER
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research
Year: 2008
Volume: 14
Issue: 12
Pages: 3664-3669
ISSN (print): 1078-0432
ISSN (electronic): 1557-3265
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4559
DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4559
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