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An inverse relation between blood pressure and birth weight among 5 year old children from Soweto, South Africa

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Richard Edwards

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Abstract

Study objective. To examine the relation between birth weight and blood pressure at 5 years in a cohort of South African children. Design. Prospective cohort study. Participants. 849 five year old children. Setting. Soweto, a sprawling urban area close to Johannesburg, South Africa, which was a designated residential area for people classified as 'black' under apartheid legislation. Main results. Systolic blood pressure at 5 years was inversely related to birthweight (r = -0.05, p = 0.0007), independent of current weight, height, gestational age, maternal age or socioeconomic status at 5 years. There was no relation between birth weight and diastolic blood pressure. After adjusting for current weight and height, there was a mean decline in systolic blood pressure of 3.4 mmHg (95% confidence intervals 1.4, 5.3 mmHg) for every 1000 g increase in birth weight. Conclusions. These data from a disadvantaged urbanised community in Southern Africa extend the reported observations of an inverse relation between birth weight and systolic blood pressure. The study adds to the evidence that influences in fetal life and early childhood influence systolic blood pressure. Further research is required to assess whether efforts to reduce the incidence of low birthweight babies will attenuate the prevalence of hypertension in future generations.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Levitt NS, Steyn K, De Wet T, Morrell C, Edwards R, Ellison GTH, Cameron N

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health

Year: 1999

Volume: 53

Issue: 5

Pages: 264-268

Print publication date: 01/05/1999

ISSN (print): 0143-005X

ISSN (electronic):

Publisher: B M J Group

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.53.5.264

DOI: 10.1136/jech.53.5.264

PubMed id: 10396531


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