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A clinical study of 57 children with fetal anticonvulsant syndromes

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Tara Montgomery

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Abstract

Background - Anticonvulsants taken in pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of malformations and developmental delay in the children. To evaluate the pattern of abnormalities associated with prenatal anticonvulsant exposure further, we undertook a clinical study of 57 children with fetal anticonvulsant syndromes. Methods - Fifty two children were ascertained through the Fetal Anticonvulsant Syndrome Association and five were referred to the Aberdeen Medical Genetics Service. Pregnancy and medical history were obtained through a standardised questionnaire and interview and the children were examined. Results - Thirty four (60%) were exposed in utero to valproate alone, four (7%) to carbamazepine alone, four (7%) to phenytoin alone, and 15 (26%) to more than one anticonvulsant. Forty six (81%) reported behavioural problems, 22 (39%) with hyperactivity or poor concentration of whom four (7%) had a diagnosis of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Thirty four (60%) reported two or more autistic features, of whom four had a diagnosis of autism and two of Asperger's syndrome. Forty four (77%) had learning difficulties, 46 (81%) had speech delay, 34 (60%) had gross motor delay, and 24 (42%) had fine motor delay. Nineteen (33%) had glue ear and 40 (70%) had joint laxity involving all sizes of joints. Of 46 who had formal ophthalmic evaluation, 16 (34%) had myopia. Conclusions - Speech delay, joint laxity, glue ear, and myopia are common in the fetal anticonvulsant syndromes and autistic features and hyperactivity form part of the behavioural phenotype.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Moore SJ, Turnpenny P, Quinn A, Glover S, Lloyd DJ, Montgomery T, Dean JCS

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Medical Genetics

Year: 2000

Volume: 37

Issue: 7

Pages: 489-497

Print publication date: 01/01/2000

ISSN (print): 0022-2593

ISSN (electronic):

Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.37.7.489

DOI: 10.1136/jmg.37.7.489

PubMed id: 10882750


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