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Impacts of urban levels of ozone on Pinus halepensis foliage

Lookup NU author(s): Emeritus Professor Jerry Barnes

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Abstract

Between May and September, 1996, seedlings of Pinus halepensis were placed at a site adjacent to an automated air pollution monitoring station within the urban area of Florence. Additional 'control' plants were placed in chambers ventilated with charcoal/Purafil(®)-filtered air. All trees were well watered throughout the whole experimental period. During the exposure period, ambient levels of sulphur dioxide were very low, whilst the accumulated hourly exposure to ozone above 40 ppb (i.e. AOT40) exceeded 20 000 ppb h-1 - peak hourly ozone concentrations rising to levels above 100 ppb. Trees exposed to ambient levels of air pollution exhibited typical symptoms of ozone damage (chlorotic mottle) on previous year needles toward the end of the summer. Similar symptoms were not observed on equivalent trees exposed to filtered-air, nor were visible symptoms accompanied by insect or pest infestation. Anatomical and ultrastructural observations made on symptomatic needles revealed degeneration in mesophyll cells bordering sub-stomatal cavities and alterations in chloroplast ultrastructure (fat accumulation, starch and tannin pattern modifications). These observations are consistent with the known effects of air pollutants (namely ozone) recorded in the literature. Findings are discussed in relation to the impacts of ozone on P. halepensis in the Mediterranean region. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Barnes J; Soda C; Bussotti F; Grossoni P; Mori B; Tani C

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Environmental and Experimental Botany

Year: 2000

Volume: 44

Issue: 1

Pages: 69-82

ISSN (print): 0098-8472

ISSN (electronic): 1873-7307

Publisher: Elsevier B.V.

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-8472(00)00055-1

DOI: 10.1016/S0098-8472(00)00055-1

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