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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Stephany Veuger, Professor Nicola CurtinORCiD, Professor barbara Durkacz
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The DNA repair enzymes, DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), are key determinants of radio- and chemo-resistance. We have developed and evaluated novel specific inhibitors of DNA-PK (NU7026) and PARP-1 (AG14361) for use in anticancer therapy. PARP-1- and DNA-PK-deficient cell lines were 4-fold more sensitive to ionizing radiation (IR) alone, and showed reduced potentially lethal damage recovery (PLDR) in G0 cells, compared with their proficient counterparts. NU7026 (10 μm) potentiated IR cytotoxicity [potentiation factor at 90% cell kill (PF90) = 1.51 ± 0.04] in exponentially growing DNA-PK proficient but not deficient cells. Similarly, AG14361 (0.4 μ) potentiated IR in PARP-1+/+ (PF90 = 1.37 ± 0.03) but not PARP-1-/- cells. When NU7026 and AG14361 were used in combination, their potentiating effects were additive (e.g., PF90 = 2.81 ± 0.19 in PARP-1+/+ cells). Both inhibitors alone reduced PLDR -3-fold in the proficient cell lines. Furthermore, the inhibitor combination completely abolished PLDR. IR-induced DNA double strand break (DNA DSB) repair was inhibited by both NU7026 and AG14361, and use of the inhibitor combination prevented 90% of DNA DSB rejoining, even 24-h postirradiation. Thus, there was a correlation between the ability of the inhibitors to prevent IR-induced DNA DSB repair and their ability to potentiate cytotoxicity. Thus, individually, or in combination, the DNA-PK and PARP-1 inhibitors act as potent radiosensitizers and show potential as tools for anticancer therapeutic intervention.
Author(s): Veuger, S., Curtin, N.J., Richardson, C., Smith, G., Durkacz, B.W.
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Cancer Research
Year: 2003
Volume: 63
Issue: 18
Pages: 6008-6015
Print publication date: 15/09/2003
ISSN (print): 0008-5472
ISSN (electronic): 1538-7445
PubMed id: 14522929
