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Lookup NU author(s): Emeritus Professor Steve Yeaman
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Although described initially as an intracellular adipocyte-specific triacylglycerol lipase, it is now clear that HSL (hormone-sensitive lipase) is expressed in multiple tissues and plays a number of roles in lipid metabolism, including that of a neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase. The major isoform is a single polypeptide with a moleclar mass of approx. 84 kDa and which comprises three major domains: a catalytic domain, a regulatory domain encoding several phosphorylation sites and an N-terminal domain involved in protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. The activity of HSL is regulated acutely by several mechanisms, including reversible phosphorylation by a number of different protein kinases, translocation to different sites within the cell and interaction with a number of proteins, some of which may serve to direct the inhibitory products of HSL away from the protein. It is also apparent from work with HSL null mice that more than one enzyme species may be classified as a hormone-sensitive lipase. The possible presence of HSL in macrophages remains controversial, and the role of the protein in pancreatic β-cells has yet to be fully elucidated. Altered expression of HSL in different cell types may be associated with a number of pathological states, including obesity, atherosclerosis and Type II diabetes.
Author(s): Yeaman SJ
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Biochemical Journal
Year: 2004
Volume: 379
Issue: 1
Pages: 11-22
ISSN (print): 0264-6021
ISSN (electronic): 1470-8728
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20031811
DOI: 10.1042/BJ20031811
PubMed id: 14725507
