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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Janet Berrington, Professor Andrew Cant, Professor John MatthewsORCiD, Dr Marilyn O'Keeffe, Dr Gavin Spickett, Dr Alan Fenton
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OBJECTIVE. To measure anti-polyribosylribitolphosphate (PRP) antibody and anti-tetanus toxoid (TT) antibody responses in UK infants to explore the effects of (1) immunization with an acellular diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTPHib) combination vaccine, (2) significant preterm delivery, and (3) a fourth dose of conjugated Hib vaccine (PRP-T) in those with a low anti-PRP antibody (<1.0 μg/mL) after primary immunization. METHODS. A prospective study was conducted in 4 tertiary neonatal units at a time when 2 types of DTPHib vaccines were used interchangeably in the United Kingdom for primary immunization: acellular (DTPaHib) and whole cell. Timing and type of all vaccine doses were as per standard UK practice. Blood was taken before and after immunization. A total of 166 preterm and 45 term infants completed the study; 97 (15 term) infants who had anti-PRP antibody <1.0 μg/mL were offered a fourth dose of PRP-T; 61 (55 preterm) then had repeat antibody measurements. Anti-PRP and anti-TT antibody after primary immunization relative to gestation and number of whole cell vaccine doses received was measured, as well as anti-PRP antibody after a fourth dose of PRP-T. RESULTS. A total of 49% of preterm and 33% of term infants had anti-PRP antibody <1.0 μg/mL after full primary immunization. Receipt of 1 or more acellular vaccine doses was associated with lower anti-PRP antibody, a dose response effect being observed. Preterm infants were less likely to have anti-PRP antibody >1.0 μg/mL compared with term infants. A total of 93% of infants who were given a fourth dose had anti-PRP antibody >1.0 μg/mL. Anti-TT antibody responses were satisfactory for all infants but also reduced by each DTPaHib dose received. CONCLUSION. Infants who receive DTPaHib, are significantly preterm, or who do not receive a fourth dose of conjugated Hib vaccine may be at increased risk for Hib disease. Copyright © 2006 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Author(s): Berrington JE, Cant AJ, Matthews JNS, O'Keeffe M, Spickett GP, Fenton AC
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Pediatrics
Year: 2006
Volume: 117
Issue: 4
Pages: e717-e724
ISSN (print): 0031-4005
ISSN (electronic): 1098-4275
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-0348
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2005-0348
PubMed id: 16549502
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