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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Alan Boddy
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Background: The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacology, toxicity and activity of high-dose ifosfamide/mesna +/- GM-CSF administered by a five-day continuous infusion at a total ifosfamide dose of 12-18 g/m(2) in adult patients with advanced sarcomas. Patients and methods: Between January 1991 and October 1992 32 patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma were entered the study. Twenty-seven patients were pretreated including twenty-three with prior ifosfamide at less than 8 g/m(2) total dose/cycle. In 25 patients (27 cycles) extensive pharmacokinetic analyses were performed. Results: The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) for ifosfamide increased linearly with dose while the AUC's of the metabolites measured in plasma by thin-layer chromatography did not increase with dose, particularly that of the active metabolite isophosphoramide mustard. Furthermore the AUC of the inactive carboxymetabolite did not increase with dose. Interpatient variability of pharmacokinetic parameters was high. Dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression at 18 g/m(2) total dose with grade 4 neutropenia in five of six patients and grade 4 thrombocytopenia in four of six patients. Therefore the maximum tolerated dose was considered to be 18 g/m(2) total dose. There was one CR and eleven PR in twenty-nine evaluable patients (overall response rate 41%). Conclusion: Both the activation and inactivation pathways of ifosfamide are non-linear and saturable at high-doses although the pharmacokinetics of the parent drug itself are dose linear. Ifosfamide doses greater than 14-16 g/m(2) per cycle appear to result in a relative decrease of the active metabolite isophosphoramide mustard. These data suggest a dose-dependent saturation or even inhibition of ifosfamide metabolism by increasing high dose ifosfamide and suggest the need for further metabolic studies.
Author(s): Cerny, T., Leyvraz, S., von Briel, T., Kupfer, A., Schaad, R., Schmitz, S. F. H., Honegger, P., Sessa, C., Brunner, J., Boddy, A. V.
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Annals of Oncology
Year: 1999
Volume: 10
Issue: 9
Pages: 1087-1094
Print publication date: 01/09/1999
ISSN (print): 0923-7534
ISSN (electronic): 1569-8041
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008386000547
DOI: 10.1023/A:1008386000547
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