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The use of live three-dimensional Doppler echocardiography in the measurement of cardiac output - An in vivo animal study

Lookup NU author(s): Dr James Pemberton, Dr Antoinette Kenny

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate whether cardiac output (CO) could be accurately computed from live three-dimensional (3-D) Doppler echocardiographic data in an acute open-chested animal preparation. BACKGROUND The accurate measurement of CO is important in both patient management and research. Current methods use invasive pulmonary artery catheters or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiography or esophageal aortic Doppler measures, with the inherent risks and inaccuracies of these techniques. METHODS Seventeen juvenile, open-chested pigs were studied before undergoing a separate cardiopulmonary bypass procedure. Live 3-D Doppler echocardiography images of the left ventricular outflow tract and aortic valve were obtained by epicardial scanning, using a Philips Medical Systems (Andover, Massachusetts) Sonos 7500 Live 3-D Echo system with a 2.5-MHZ probe. Simultaneous CO measurements were obtained from an ultrasonic flow probe placed around the aortic root. Subsequent offline processing using custom software computed the CO from the digital 3-D Doppler DICOM data, and this was compared to the gold standard of the aortic flow probe measurements. RESULTS One hundred forty-three individual CO measurements were taken from 16 pigs, one being excluded because of severe aortic regurgitation. There was good correlation between the 3-D Doppler and flow probe methods of CO measurement (y = 1.1x - 9.82, R-2 = 0.93). CONCLUSIONS In this acute animal preparation, live 3-D Doppler echocardiographic data allowed for accurate assessment of CO as compared to the ultrasonic flow probe measurement. (C) 2005 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Pemberton J, Li XK, Karamlou T, Sandquist CA, Thiele K, Shen I, Ungerleider RM, Kenny A, Sahn DJ

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Year: 2005

Volume: 45

Issue: 3

Pages: 433-438

ISSN (print): 0735-1097

ISSN (electronic): 1558-3597

Publisher: Elsevier Inc.

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2004.10.046

DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.10.046


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