Traditional use, chemical analysis and antinociceptive effects of Hyptis crenato Pohl

Rocha, G; Roughan, JV; Leach, MC; Flecknell, PA; Ingram, CD; Brandt, K

doi:10.1055/s-0029-1234365

Traditional use, chemical analysis and antinociceptive effects of Hyptis crenato Pohl

Lookup NU author(s): Graciela Rocha, Dr Johnny Roughan ORCiD, Dr Matthew Leach, Emeritus Professor Paul Flecknell ORCiD, Professor Colin Ingram, Dr Kirsten Brandt ORCiD

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Abstract

Species of the genus Hyptis are used in traditional medicine in South America and Africa. The medicinal effects and chemical profile of Hyptis crenata were evaluated in order to identify potential bioactive compounds. In December 2007 a survey was conducted regarding traditional preparation and use of extracts of H. crenata in Porto Esperidiao and Vila Bela regions of Brazil (20 regular users). The methods for extraction reported were: (i) decoction (boiling in water); (ii) infusion (tea); (iii) cold extraction (water); (iv) cold extraction (15% alcohol); and (v) cold extraction (40% alcohol). Chemical analyses of extracts prepared by these methods showed that camphor and eucalyptol are the major volatile compounds. Regarding phenolic compounds, decoction and infusion extracts were similar, while the cold extractions had a markedly different composition. The most commonly reported traditional uses were for forms of mild pain (11/20- headache, stomach discomfort, menstrual pain) or treatment of flu/fever (6/20). Based on this traditional use, a study was conducted on the antinociceptive effects of the decoction of H. crenata in 8 C57/BL6 mice per treatment. Orally administered doses of 15 and 150mg/kg b.w. were compared with water and a positive control (indomethacin 10mg/kg b.w) for effects in a model of phasic pain (Hargreave's test of cutaneous thermal stimulation) and tonic pain (acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing). The treatment effects were significantly different from water, but not from indometacin, in both models. There was no mortality among the mice treated with Hyptis extract or water, while 38% of indometacin-treated mice died.