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Chemical synaptic and gap junctional interactions between principal neurons: Partners in epileptogenesis

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Mark Cunningham, Professor Miles Whittington

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Abstract

Field potential signals, corresponding to electrographic seizures in cortical structures, often contain two components, which sometimes appear to be separable and other times to be superimposed. The first component consists of low-amplitude very fast oscillations (VFO, >70-80 Hz): the second component consists of larger amplitude transients, lasting tens to hundreds of ms, and variously called population spikes, EEG spikes, or bursts terms chosen in part because of the cellular correlates of the field events. To first approximation, the two components arise because of distinctive types of cellular interactions: gap junctions for VFO (a model of which is reviewed in the following), and recurrent synaptic excitation and/or inhibition for the transients. With in vitro studies of epileptic human neocortical tissue, it is possible to elicit VFO alone, or VFO superimposed on a large transient, but not a large transient without the VFO. If such observations prove to be general, they would imply that gap junction-mediated interactions are the primary factor in epileptogenesis. It appears to be the case then, that in the setting of seizure initiation (but not necessarily under physiological conditions), the gain of gap junction-mediated circuits can actually be larger than the gain in excitatory synaptic circuits. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Traub RD, Cunningham MO, Whittington MA

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Neural Networks

Year: 2011

Volume: 24

Issue: 6

Pages: 515-525

Print publication date: 01/08/2011

ISSN (print): 0893-6080

ISSN (electronic): 1879-2782

Publisher: Pergamon

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2010.11.007

DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2010.11.007

Notes: Special Issue: Neurocomputational Models of Brain Disorders


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
IBM Corp.
Medical Research Council (UK)
Newcastle upon Tyne Healthcare Charities Trust
Royal Society
Wolfson Foundation
Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung
RO1 NS044133NIH/NINDS

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