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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Lindi Chen, Professor Deborah Tweddle
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© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel. The tumor suppressor protein p53 is a transcription factor which plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic stability through the regulation of a vast repertoire of downstream target genes involved in cellular processes, such as cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, differentiation and DNA repair. Under normal cellular conditions, p53 is tightly regulated by its critical negative regulator MDM2, an E3 ligase which targets p53 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. p14<sup>ARF</sup> is a tumor suppressor protein and the negative regulator of MDM2. Together, p53, MDM2 and p14<sup>ARF</sup> form an autoregulatory loop frequently inactivated in many human cancers. MDM2-p53 antagonists are small-molecule inhibitors designed to disrupt the interaction between p53 and MDM2 thereby nongenotoxically activating p53 in tumors with wild-type p53. Several MDM2-p53 antagonists are undergoing early clinical evaluation in adults and are anticipated to enter pediatric trials in the near future. In contrast to several other cancers, neuroblastoma is a predominantly p53 wild-type tumor; however, p53 pathway inactivation through MDM2 amplification and p14<sup>ARF</sup> aberrations have been reported. Nongenotoxic activation of wild-type p53 using MDM2-p53 antagonists alone and in combination with other agents offers a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with neuroblastoma to potentially improve survival and/or reduce the toxicity associated with current chemotherapy regimens.
Author(s): Chen L, Tweddle DA
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine
Year: 2015
Volume: 20
Pages: 59-80
Online publication date: 11/09/2015
Acceptance date: 01/01/1900
ISSN (print): 1017-5989
ISSN (electronic): 1662-3886
Publisher: S. Karger AG
URL: http://doi.org/10.1159/000382087
DOI: 10.1159/000382087
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