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Relationship between final height and health outcomes in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: United Kingdom congenital adrenal hyperplasia adult study executive (CaHASE)

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Brian WalkerORCiD

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Abstract

Context: Treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in childhood focuses on growth and development and adult final height (FH) is a measure of effective treatment.Wehypothesized that shorter adults will have more severe underlying disease and worse health outcomes. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of 199 adults with CAH. FH and quality of life were expressed as z-scores adjusted for midparental target height or UK population height. Results:FHcorrelated inverselywithage(men,r=-0.38;women,r=-0.26,P<. 01).Menandwomen had z-scores adjusted for midparental target height of-2 and-1, respectively, and both groups had UK population height z-scores of-1 below the UK population (P<.01). In women, FH was shorter in non-salt-wasting than salt-wasting classic CAH (P < .05) and in moderately affected genotype group B women than either more severely affected groups null and A (P < .01) or the mildest group C (P < .001). Short stature and a higher prevalence of hypertension were observed in classic CAH patients diagnosed late (after 1 y) compared with those diagnosed early and in women treated with glucocorticoid only compared with those treated with both glucocorticoidsandmineralocorticoids (P<.05). FH did not associate with insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, adiposity, or quality of life. Conclusions: Adult CAH patients remain short, although height prognosis has improved over time. The shortest adults are those diagnosed late with moderate severity CAH and are at increased risk of adult hypertension; we hypothesize that these patients are exposed in childhood to high androgens and/or excessive glucocorticoids with potential programming of hypertension. Another possibility is inadequate mineralocorticoid treatment early in life in the late-diagnosed patient group. Prospective studies arenowrequired to examine these hypotheses. Copyright © 2014 by the Endocrine Society.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Han TS, Conway GS, Willis DS, Krone N, Rees DA, Stimson RH, Arlt W, Walker BR, Ross RJ

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Year: 2014

Volume: 99

Issue: 8

Pages: E1547–E1555

Print publication date: 01/08/2014

Online publication date: 01/08/2014

Acceptance date: 30/04/2014

ISSN (print): 0021-972X

ISSN (electronic): 1945-7197

Publisher: Endocrine Society

URL: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-1486

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-1486

PubMed id: 24878054

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