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Behavior Change Techniques Associated With Changes in Postintervention and Maintained Changes in Self-Efficacy For Physical Activity: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Mei Yee TangORCiD

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Abstract

BackgroundSelf-efficacy is an important determinant of physical activity but it is unclear how best to increase self-efficacy for physical activity and to maintain these changes.PurposeThis systematic review aimed to identify which specific behavior change techniques (BCTs), BCT clusters, and number of BCTs were associated with changes in postintervention and maintained changes in self-efficacy for physical activity across all adult populations.MethodsA systematic search yielded 180 randomized trials (204 comparisons) which reported changes in self-efficacy. BCTs were coded using the BCT Taxonomy v1. Hierarchical cluster analysis explored the clustering of BCTs. Meta-analyses and moderator analyses examined whether the presence and absence of individual BCTs in interventions were associated with effect-size changes for self-efficacy.ResultsSmall intervention effects were found for postintervention self-efficacy for physical activity (d = 0.26; 95% CI: [0.21, 0.31]; I2 = 75.8 per cent). “Information about social, environmental, and emotional consequences” was associated with higher effect sizes, whereas “social support (practical)” was associated with lower effect sizes. Small and nonsignificant effects were found for maintained changes in self-efficacy for physical activity (d = 0.08; CI: [−0.05, 0.21]; I2 = 83.8 per cent). Lack of meaningful clustering of BCTs was found. A significant positive relationship was found between number of BCTs and effect sizes for maintained changes in self-efficacy for physical activity.ConclusionsThere does not appear to be a single effective approach to change self-efficacy for physical activity in all adults: different approaches are required for different populations. Interventions with more BCTs seem more effective at maintaining changes in self-efficacy for physical activity.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Tang MY, Smith DM, Mc Sharry JM, Hann M, French DP

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Annals of Behavioral Medicine

Year: 2019

Volume: 53

Issue: 9

Pages: 801-815

Print publication date: 01/09/2019

Online publication date: 09/12/2018

Acceptance date: 09/12/2018

ISSN (print): 0883-6612

ISSN (electronic): 1532-4796

Publisher: Oxford University Press

URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kay090

DOI: 10.1093/abm/kay090


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