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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Bob Anderson
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© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Background and Aim: On the basis of previously published accounts, coupled with our own experience, we have assessed the surgical approaches to patients with isomeric atrial appendages. Methods: We reviewed pertinent published studies on surgical treatment of individuals with isomeric atrial appendages, with the pertinent surgical details provided by most of the manuscripts. Results: Half of patients with right isomerism, and two-thirds of those with left isomerism have bilateral superior caval veins. Azygos extension of the inferior caval vein is reported in three-quarters of those with left isomerism. The coronary sinus is universally absent in right isomerism, along with totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection, and is absent in two-fifths of those with left isomerism. Univentricular atrioventricular connections are expected in up to three-quarters of those with right isomerism. Atrioventricular septal defect is reported in up to four-fifths, more frequently in right isomerism, with such patients typically having discordant ventriculoatrial connections or double outlet right ventricle. Reported mortalities extend to 85% for those with right, and 50% for those with left isomerism. In right isomerism, mortality is up to 54% for systemic-to-pulmonary arterial shunting, up to 75% for univentricular repair, and up to 95% for repair of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection itself. No more than one-quarter had undergone Fontan completion, with reported mortalities of 21%. Conclusion: Early surgical results are satisfactory in patients with left isomerism, but disappointing for those with right. Recent advances in cardiac and liver transplantation may offer improved survival.
Author(s): Chowdhury UK, Anderson RH, Spicer DE, Sankhyan LK, Pandey NN, Goja S, Rajasekar P, Arvind B, Pradeep D
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of Cardiac Surgery
Year: 2022
Volume: 37
Issue: 5
Pages: 1340-1352
Print publication date: 01/05/2022
Online publication date: 05/02/2022
Acceptance date: 03/01/2022
ISSN (print): 0886-0440
ISSN (electronic): 1540-8191
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc
URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocs.16268
DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16268
PubMed id: 35122446
