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Mitochondrial DNA Mutations and Ageing

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Julia Whitehall, Anna Smith, Dr Laura Greaves

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Abstract

© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Mitochondria are subcellular organelles present in most eukaryotic cells which play a significant role in numerous aspects of cell biology. These include carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism to generate cellular energy through oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, cell signalling, haem biosynthesis and reactive oxygen species production. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a feature of many human ageing tissues, and since the discovery that mitochondrial DNA mutations were a major underlying cause of changes in oxidative phosphorylation capacity, it has been proposed that they have a role in human ageing. However, there is still much debate on whether mitochondrial DNA mutations play a causal role in ageing or are simply a consequence of the ageing process. This chapter describes the structure of mammalian mitochondria, and the unique features of mitochondrial genetics, and reviews the current evidence surrounding the role of mitochondrial DNA mutations in the ageing process. It then focusses on more recent discoveries regarding the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in stem cell ageing and age-related inflammation.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Whitehall JC, Smith ALM, Greaves LC

Publication type: Book Chapter

Publication status: Published

Book Title: Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing: Part III Biomedical Science

Year: 2023

Volume: 102

Pages: 77-98

Print publication date: 06/01/2023

Online publication date: 05/01/2023

Acceptance date: 02/04/2022

Series Title: Subcellular biochemistry

Publisher: Springer

Place Published: Cham

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21410-3_4

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21410-3_4

PubMed id: 36600130

Notes: 9783031214103 online ISBN

Library holdings: Search Newcastle University Library for this item

ISBN: 9783031214097


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