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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Anna Mayhew, Robert Muni Lofra, Dr Chiara Marini Bettolo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
© 2023 by the authors.The Revised Hammersmith Scale (RHS) is a 36-item ordinal scale developed using clinical expertise and sound psychometrics to investigate motor function in participants with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA). In this study, we investigate median change in the RHS score up to two years in paediatric SMA 2 and 3 participants and contextualise it to the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale–Expanded (HFMSE). These change scores were considered by SMA type, motor function, and baseline RHS score. We consider a new transitional group, spanning crawlers, standers, and walkers-with-assistance, and analyse that alongside non-sitters, sitters, and walkers. The transitional group exhibit the most definitive change score trend, with an average 1-year decline of 3 points. In the weakest patients, we are most able to detect positive change in the RHS in the under-5 age group, whereas in the stronger patients, we are most able to detect decline in the RHS in the 8–13 age group. The RHS has a reduced floor effect compared to the HFMSE, although we show that the RHS should be used in conjunction with the RULM for participants scoring less than 20 points on the RHS. The timed items in the RHS have high between-participant variability, so participants with the same RHS total can be differentiated by their timed test items.
Author(s): Stimpson G, Ramsey D, Wolfe A, Mayhew A, Scoto M, Baranello G, Muni Lofra R, Main M, Milev E, Coratti G, Pane M, Sansone V, D'Amico A, Bertini E, Messina S, Bruno C, Albamonte E, Mazzone ES, Montes J, Glanzman AM, Zolkipli-Cunningham Z, Pasternak A, Duong T, Dunaway Young S, Civitello M, Marini-Bettolo C, Day JW, Darras BT, De Vivo DC, Finkel RS, Mercuri E, Muntoni F
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine
Year: 2023
Volume: 12
Issue: 5
Print publication date: 01/03/2023
Online publication date: 28/02/2023
Acceptance date: 24/02/2023
Date deposited: 27/03/2023
ISSN (electronic): 2077-0383
Publisher: MDPI AG
URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12051920
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051920
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