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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Tiago OuteiroORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
© The Author(s) 2025.Stress granules (SGs) are membraneless organelles formed in the cellular cytoplasm under stressful conditions through liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). SG assembly can be both dependent and independent of the eIF2α pathway, whereas cellular protein quality control systems mediate SG disassembly. Chaperones and specific domains of RNA-binding proteins strongly contribute to the regulation SG dynamics. Chronic stress, arising in association with aging, may promote persistent SGs that are difficult to disassemble, thereby acting as a potential pathological nidus for protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). In this review, we discuss the dynamics of SGs and the factors involved with SG assembly and disassembly. We also highlight the relationship among LLPS, SGs, and the pathogenesis of different NDDs. More importantly, we summarize SG assembly-disassembly, which may be a double-edged sword in the pathophysiology of NDDs. This review aims to provide new insights into the biology and pathology of LLPS, SGs, and NDDs.
Author(s): Yuan L, Mao L-H, Huang Y-Y, Outeiro TF, Li W, Vieira TCRG, Li J-Y
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration
Year: 2025
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Online publication date: 12/05/2025
Acceptance date: 28/03/2025
ISSN (electronic): 2047-9158
Publisher: BioMed Central Ltd
URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-025-00482-9
DOI: 10.1186/s40035-025-00482-9
