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The Moving Puzzle: Trump, Trade Tariffs and the Windsor Framework

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Sylvia de MarsORCiD, Professor Colin MurrayORCiD

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Abstract

The Spring of 2025 has brought with it a huge amount of upheaval in international trade with the Trump administration’s tariff proposals in the United States (US) triggering a round of responses and negotiations and coinciding with efforts between the United Kingdom (UK) and the European Union (EU) to reset relations after Brexit. This has led to a flurry of trade announcements. These can be a challenge to track, especially in terms of their impact on goods trade involving the island of Ireland, given the special post-Brexit rules which apply to Northern Ireland. These rules mean that, as well as the primary impacts of tariffs on trade, there will possibly be secondary impacts as trade patterns adjust to make the best of the circumstances. All of this can leave policy makers and businesses feeling like they are trapped in an ever-shifting puzzle, one that is often being shaped by other actors. In this paper we explore these changes and the challenges and opportunities they present. We explain the extent to which the Windsor Framework operates to differentiate businesses located in Northern Ireland from those in other parts of the UK or Ireland.


Publication metadata

Author(s): de Mars S, Murray C

Publication type: Report

Publication status: Published

Series Title:

Year: 2025

Pages: 1-12

Print publication date: 20/06/2025

Online publication date: 20/06/2025

Acceptance date: 14/06/2025

Institution: Institute of International and European Affairs

Place Published: Dublin

URL: https://www.iiea.com/images/uploads/resources/The_Moving_Puzzle_Trump%2C_Trade_Tariffs_and_the_Windsor_Framework.pdf


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