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Re-visiting "semantic facilitation" of word retrieval for people with aphasia: Facilitation yes but semantic no

Lookup NU author(s): Professor David Howard

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Abstract

Previous research has shown that word-to-picture matching for targets that cannot be named at pre-test results in improved naming relative to untreated control items for people with aphasia. This paper replicates and extends this finding and investigates its source. Is the effect a result of priming of semantic representations, or of post-semantic mechanisms in word retrieval? The first experiment shows that word-to-picture matching with unrelated distractors improves naming at short (2-3 minutes) and long (up to 25 minute) lags. There was no effect of being made aware of the relationship between word-topicture matching and picture naming. People who have a semantic impairment improve only with a short lag between word-to-picture matching and naming. Participants with less semantic impairment show larger priming effects that are equal at short and long lags between word-to-picture matching and naming. The second experiment shows that the facilitation effect is just as large for word-to-picture matching with unrelated distractors as with semantically-related distractors. Furthermore, overall there was no difference between matching with coordinate items and with associated items. The results of these experiments show that facilitation of naming by word-to-picture matching in people with aphasia cannot be a result of the priming of semantic representations. Instead they are consistent with two effects: word-to-picture matching results in priming at a lemma level for aphasic people with a semantic impairment that is only found with a short lag between word-to-picture matching and naming. Word-to-picture matching causes priming of the lemma to output lexicon entry mapping that benefits participants with less semantic impairment that is evident at both a short and long lag between word-to-picture matching and naming. These findings fit well with previous research on repetition priming of naming with normal subjects.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Howard D, Hickin J, Redmond T, Clark P, Best W

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Cortex

Year: 2006

Volume: 42

Issue: 6

Pages: 946-962

ISSN (print): 0010-9452

ISSN (electronic): 1973-8102

Publisher: Elsevier Masson

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70439-8

DOI: 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70439-8

PubMed id: 17131601


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