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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Stuart Atkinson, Professor Lyle Armstrong, Professor Derek Mann, Professor Majlinda LakoORCiD
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The canonical and noncanonical NF kappa B signaling pathways regulate a variety of cellular activities; however, their functions in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have not been fully investigated. Expression studies during hESC differentiation indicated a significant increase in the expression of two key components of the canonical NF kappa B pathway (p50 and Ser529 phosphorylated form of p65) as well as a significant reduction in expression of key components of the noncanonical NF kappa B pathway [v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog B (RELB), p52, NIK]. Inhibition of canonical NF kappa B resulted in hESC apoptosis, changes in cell cycle distribution, and reduced hESC proliferation. In addition, inhibition of canonical NF kappa B was associated with significant changes in NANOG and OCT4 expression, suppression of differentiation toward all primitive extraembryonic and embryonic lineages with the exception of primitive ectoderm and ectodermal lineages. Inhibition of noncanonical NF kappa B via small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of RELB resulted in reduced hESC proliferation and opposite changes to expression of key differentiation lineage markers genes when compared with downregulation of canonical NF kappa B. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated binding of p65 and RELB to regulatory regions of key differentiation marker genes suggesting a direct transcriptional role for both branches of this pathway in hESC. These findings coupled with opposing trends in expression of key components during hESC differentiation, suggests a fine and opposing balance between the two branches of NF kappa B signaling pathways and their involvement in two distinct processes: the canonical pathway regulating hESC differentiation and the noncanonical pathway maintaining hESC pluripotency. STEM CELLS 2010;28:1970-1980
Author(s): Yang CB, Atkinson SP, Vilella F, Lloret M, Armstrong L, Mann DA, Lako M
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Stem Cells
Year: 2010
Volume: 28
Issue: 11
Pages: 1970-1980
Print publication date: 18/11/2010
ISSN (print): 1066-5099
ISSN (electronic): 1549-4918
Publisher: AlphaMed Press, Inc.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.528
DOI: 10.1002/stem.528
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