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Lookup NU author(s): Shu Xian Loh, Yasemin Ekinci, Dr Luke Spray, Dr Visvesh Jeyalan, Professor Gavin RichardsonORCiD, Dr David Austin, Dr Mohammad Alkhalil, Professor Ioakim SpyridopoulosORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common and dramatic complication of atherosclerosis, which, despite successful reperfusion therapy, can lead to incident heart failure (HF). HF occurs when the healing process is impaired due to adverse left ventricular remodelling, and can be the result of so-called ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), visualised by the development of intramyocardial haemorrhage (IMH) or microvascular obstruction (MVO) in cardiac MRI. Thus far, translation of novel pharmacological strategies from preclinical studies to target either IRI or HF post MI have been largely unsuccessful. Anti-inflammatory therapies also carry the risk of affecting the immune system. Fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) is a unique chemokine, present as a transmembrane protein on the endothelium, or following cleavage as a soluble ligand, attracting leukocyte subsets expressing the corresponding receptor CX3CR1. We have shown previously that the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 is associated with MVO in patients undergoing primary PCI. Moreover, inhibition of CX3CR1 with an allosteric small molecule antagonist (KAND567) in the rat MI model reduces acute infarct size, inflammation, and IMH. Here we review the cellular biology of fractalkine and its receptor, along with ongoing studies that introduce CX3CR1 as a future target in coronary artery disease, specifically in patients with myocardial infarction.
Author(s): Loh SX, Ekinci Y, Spray L, Jeyalan V, Olin T, Richardson G, Austin D, Alkhalil M, Spyridopoulos I
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: J. Clin. Med.
Year: 2023
Volume: 12
Issue: 14
Online publication date: 21/07/2023
Acceptance date: 19/07/2023
Date deposited: 21/07/2023
ISSN (electronic): 2077-0383
Publisher: MDPI AG
URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144821
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144821
PubMed id: 21045240
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