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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Simon DohertyORCiD, Mark Waugh, Thomas Scanlan, Dr Mark Elsegood, Professor William Clegg
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Nucleophilic addition of tris(dialkylamino) phosphines, P(NR2)3 (R = Me or Et, nPr), to [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2){μ-η 1:η2-(H)Cα=Cβ=C γH2}] (1) affords the dimetallacyclopentene derivatives [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2)(μ-η 1:η1-HC=C{P(NR2)3}CH 2)] (R = Me, 2a; R = Et, 2b; R = nPr, 2c) or a mixture of the vinylidene- and dimetallacyclobutene-bridged complexes [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2)-(μ-η 1-C=C(CH3){P(NMe2)3})] (3a) and [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2)(μ-η 1:η1-(CH3)C=C{P(NMe2) 3})] (4a), respectively, depending upon the reaction conditions. For instance, addition of P(NR2)3 to an ether solution of [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2){μ-η 1:η2-(H)Cα=Cβ=C γH2}] gave the dimetallacyclopentenes 2a-c, whereas pretreatment of a solution of the allenyl starting material with HBF4 prior to the addition of P(NR2)3 gave the vinylidene- and dimetallacyclobutene-bridged products, which co-crystallized as a 67:33 mixture, as determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography and 1H NMR spectroscopy. We have subsequently shown that the σ-η-allenyl complex [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2){μ-η 1:η2-(H)Cα=Cβ=C γH2}] undergoes a clean and quantitative acid-promoted rearrangement to the σ-η-acetylide-bridged isomer [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2){μ-η1: η2-C≡CH3}] (5). 1H NMR and deuterium labeling studies suggest that this isomerization occurs via initial protonation at Cγ to afford a kinetic intermediate which rapidly rearranges to its thermodynamically more stable propyne-bridged counterpart followed by deprotonation. Clearly, the vinylidene and dimetallacyclobutene products isolated from the reaction between 1 and tris(dialkylamino) phosphine in the presence of acid arise from nucleophilic addition to the α- and β-carbon atoms of the acetylide bridge in [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2){μ-η 1:η2-C≡CCH3}], and not from nucleophilic addition followed by hydrogen migration. In refluxing toluene, the dimetallacyclopentenes [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2)(μ-η 1:η1-HC=C{P(NR2)3}CH 2)J slowly decarbonylate to give [Fe2(CO)5(μ-PPh2)(μ-η 1:η3-C(H)C{P(NR2)3}CH 2)] (R = Me, 6a; R = Et, 6b; R = nPr, 6c) bridged by a σ-η3-coordinated vinyl carbene. In the case of R = Et and nPr a competing isomerization also affords the highly unusual zwitterionic α-phosphoniumalkoxide-functionalized σ-σ-alkenyl complex [Fe2(CO)5(μ-PPh2){μ-η 1:η2-{P(NR2)3}C(O)CHC= CH2}] (R = Et, 7b; R = nPr, 7c), via a P(NR2)3-carbonyl-allenyl coupling sequence. In contrast, isomerization of dimetallacyclopentene [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2)(μ-η 1:η1-HC=C{PPh3}-CH2)] (8) to its σ-η-alkeny] counterpart [Fe2(CO)5(μ-PPh2){μ-η 1:η2-PPh3C(O)CHC=CH2}] (9) is essentially complete within 1 h at room temperature with no evidence for the formation of the corresponding vinyl carbene. Thermolysis of a toluene solution of 8 in the presence of excess P(NEt2)3 results in exclusive formation of 7b, whereas at room temperature phosphine substitution affords 2b, via PPh3-P(NEt2)3 exchange. The isomerization of 8 to 9 and 2b,c to 7b,c appears to involve a dissociative equilibrium between the kinetic regioisomeric intermediate dimetallacyclopentene and 1, nucleophilic attack of phosphine at a carbonyl ligand of 1 to give a zwitterionic acylate intermediate, followed by acyl-allenyl coupling to afford the thermodynamically favored zwitterionic σ-η-alkenyl derivative. Qualitatively, the rate of isomerization increases as the steric bulk of the phosphine increases, in the order P(NMe2)3 < P(NEt2)3 ≈ P(NnPr2)3 < PPh3. The single-crystal X-ray structures of 2a, 3a, 4a, 6b, 7b, 8, and 9 are reported.
Author(s): Doherty S, Waugh M, Scanlan TH, Elsegood MRJ, Clegg W
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Organometallics
Year: 1999
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Pages: 679-696
Print publication date: 26/01/1999
ISSN (print): 0276-7333
ISSN (electronic): 1520-6041
Publisher: American Chemical Society
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om980757n
DOI: 10.1021/om980757n
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